![]() Knowing such defiance could cost him his life, Caesar fled Rome and became a fugitive. As a result, Sulla ordered Caesar to divorce Cornelia, but Caesar refused. Caesar’s father-in-law, Lucius Cornelius Cinna (d. Within several years, a general named Lucius Cornelius Sulla became dictator of the Roman republic and ordered the execution of anyone he considered an enemy of the state. His love life was complicated.Ĭaesar married his first wife, Cornelia, in 84 B.C., when he was a teenager. Soon after, he sought revenge against his former captors by commandeering a group of ships and men to help him hunt down and swiftly capture the buccaneers, who he then had executed. Eventually, the higher figure was raised and Caesar was freed. ![]() When his captors named a ransom price for his release, Caesar thought the number was insultingly low and insisted a greater sum be demanded. However, along the way to Rhodes, Caesar’s ship was hijacked by pirates off the southwestern coast of Asia Minor. In 75 B.C., Caesar, then in his mid-20s, set out from Rome for the Aegean island of Rhodes, a noted center of learning where he planned to study with Apollonius, a Greek rhetorician whose students had included Cicero, who became one of ancient Rome’s most famous orators. WATCH: Full episodes of Colosseum online now. Other origins of the name have been suggested, including the possibility that the founding member of Caesar’s family branch might have had “caesaries,” or long, flowing hair. ![]() In fact, Caesar’s mother, Aurelia, lived until 54 B.C., nearly half a century after her son’s birth.Īccording to some sources, the origin of the Caesar name is attributable to one of Caesar’s forebears who was “caesus,” (Latin for “cut”) from his mother’s womb. Although the procedure existed at the time, it was usually fatal to the mother and therefore only performed when a pregnant woman was dead or dying, in an effort to save a child. Russia and China, however, did not change until the early part of the twentieth century.Gaius Julius Caesar arrived in the world on July 13, 100 B.C., but, contrary to popular belief, it’s unlikely he was born by caesarean section. In 1752 England and her possessions (including the USA) and most other countries finally adopted the new calendar. Protestant countries, like England, did not. The predominantly Catholic countries adopted the Gregorian calendar immediately. Eleven days were dropped from the year to get the calendar back in step with the seasons. In the Gregorian calendar, however, these are leap years only if they are divisible by 400. According to the Julian calendar these would be leap years since they are evenly divisible by four. This new calendar, instituted by Pope Gregory in 1585, worked just like the Julian calendar except for those years that end in 00. So another adjustment was needed and this came in the form of the Gregorian calendar. By the 1500s the calendar was about 11 days out of step with the actual seasons. That doesn't sound like much, but over hundreds of years it adds up. But the year is actually 11 minutes short of 365 ¼ days. If it can be divided with no remainder, then it is a leap year. To determine if a year is leap year, you simply divide the year number by four. ![]() The new system began the next year, 44 BC. So Julius Caesar decreed that 45 BC would be 445 days long. The current calendar was 80 days out of step. Now the year will average 365 ¼ days.īefore this system could be put into effect, an adjustment had to be made. This is called leap year and is 366 days long. After four years, a whole day has been left out, so this extra day is put back in each fourth year. This means a ¼ of a day is left out each year. In this calendar each year is considered 365 days long. The Julian calendar was instituted by Julius Caesar in 45 BC. The Julian calendar was one of the first to adequately address this problem. This ¼ of a day creates a problem with the calendar since the calendar must have a whole number of days. The year is the time it takes the earth to make one orbit around the sun.
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